A semicolon is a mark of punctuation used to connect independent clauses and indicating a closer relationship between the clause than a period does.
Rules in using a semicolon:
Rule 1. | Use a semicolon in place of a period to separate two sentences where the conjunction has been left out. |
Examples: | Call me tomorrow; I will give you my answer then. |
I have paid my dues; therefore, I expect all the privileges listed in the contract. |
Rule 2. | It is preferable to use a semicolon before introductory words such asnamely, however, therefore, that is, i.e., for example, e.g., or for instancewhen they introduce a complete sentence. It is also preferable to use a comma after the introductory word. |
Examples: | You will want to bring many backpacking items; for example, sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing will make the trip better. |
As we discussed, you will bring two items; i.e., a sleeping bag and a tent are not optional. |
Rule 3. | Use either a semicolon or a comma before introductory words such asnamely, however, therefore, that is, i.e., for example, e.g., or for instancewhen they introduce a list following a complete sentence. Use a comma after the introductory word. |
Examples: | You will want to bring many backpacking items; for example, sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing. |
| You will want to bring many backpacking items, for example, sleeping bags, pans, and warm clothing. |
Rule 4. | Use the semicolon to separate units of a series when one or more of the units contain commas. |
Example: | This conference has people who have come from Boise, Idaho; Los Angeles, California; and Nashville, Tennessee. |
Rule 5. | Use the semicolon between two sentences joined by a coordinating conjunction when one or more commas appear in the first sentence. |
Examples: | When I finish here, I will be glad to help you; and that is a promise I will keep. |
| If she can, she will attempt that feat; and if her husband is able, he will be there to see her. |
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